Maier


Breeding Home Page		Maier
Durum Wheat Durum Wheat Production Durum Wheat Project Leader Education Professional Experience Current Research Teaching Responsibilities Publications Durum Wheat Project Staff Graduate Students Objectives Breeding Methods Modified Pedigree Method Doubled Haploid Marker-assisted Breeding Breeding for Agronomic Traits Grain yield Plant height Maturity Breeding for Disease Resistance Fusarium head blight Tan spot Rusts Breeding for Quality Traits Color Grain protein Complete quality traits Durum Wheat Varieties Divide 2005 Grenora 2005 Alkabo 2005 Dilse 2002 Pierce 2001 Lebsock 1999 Plaza 1999 Maier 1998 Mountrail 1998 Belzer 1997 Ben 1996 Munich 1995 All NDSU durum releases Durum Wheat Products Pasta Products Couscous Bulgur Frekeh or Firik Breakfast cereal Durum Wheat Bread Desserts		Registration of 'Maier' Durum Wheat 'Maier' (Reg. no. CV-885, PI 607531) , spring durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum Desf.) was developed by the North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station in cooperation with USDA-ARS and officially released on 5 Nov 1998. Maier was tested as D89135 and was selected from the cross D8193/D8335 made in 1985 by R.G. Cantrell. The parent D8193 was derived from the cross D68111/’Rugby’//’Crosby’/3/’Vic’. D68111 was derived from the cross D65150/’Leeds’. D65150 was derived from the cross Pi//’Tomclair’//2’Tehuacan’/3/ ’Zenati Bouteille’/’Wells’. The pedigree of D8335 is ’Wascana’/’Rolette’//Vic. Maier was developed using the pedigree method and was bulked in the F₅ generation as an F₄-derived line in 1989. Maier was named in honor of the late Mel Maier, North Dakota State Wheat Commission Administrator. Maier was tested for agronomic and quality traits at 52 location-years from 1993 to 1997. Maier was released because of its high protein concentration, large kernels, very strong gluten, and maintaining high level of grain yield as ’Ben’ (4) and ’Renville’ (1). Maier is a daylength-sensitive durum wheat that is similar in heading date to Ben (60.4 d) and 3 d later than ‘Monroe’ (2). Maier's plant height averages 85.5 cm, which is 4.1 cm shorter than Ben and 17.7 cm taller than the semidwarf cultivar Lloyd (3). The culms are white and the peduncle is slightly recurved. Maier’s spikes are midlong, awned, oblong, laxative, and erect. The awns are white and 14 to 16 cm in length. The glumes are glabrous, white, long, and wide. The kernels are amber, hard, long, and elliptical; the germ is midsized; the crease is midwide and shallow, and the brush is absent. Grain yield of Maier (3467.0 kg ha^-1) was similar to Ben and Renville, based on 52 location-years of testing in the Uniform Regional Durum Nursery from 1993 to 1997. Maier had a 3.5% lower yield than Ben (3090.7 kg ha^-1) and similar yield to Renville (2983.2 kg ha^-1) based on 26 location-years in the North Dakota Research Extension Centers’ varietal trials from 1993 to 1997. Maier had 753.5 kg m^-3 grain volume weight and 38.2 mg kernel weight when tested at 52 location-years in the Uniform Regional Durum Nursery. Maier has 12.9 kg m^-3 grain volume weight and 2.5 mg kernel weight lower than Ben. Based on 23 location-years in North Dakota field plots (1993 to 1996), the semolina extraction rate of Maier (60.4%) on the Buhler-Miag laboratory mill at the Department of Cereal Sciences, North Dakota State University, is similar to Ben and Renville. Other milling characteristics and spaghetti color were favorable. Maier has very strong gluten mixing characteristics (classification: 6.6) as estimated by mixograph, stronger than Ben and Renville (classification: 6.2 and 5.7, respectively). Semolina protein of Maier was 141 g kg^-1, which is higher than Ben (136 g kg^-1) and Renville (135 g kg^-1). Maier was evaluated at the USDA-ARS, Northern Crop Science Laboratory, Fargo, ND for wheat stem rust (caused by Puccinia graminis* Per.:Pers. f. sp. tritici Eriks. & E. Henn) and was found to be highly resistant to pathotypes Pgt-QCC, -QTH, -RTQ, -RCR, -TML, -TPM, and -HPH. Maier’s adult plant resistance in the field to leaf rust (caused by P. triticina Eriks.) is high (10R) and is similar to Vic and Renville. Maier has a moderate level of resistance to tan spot [caused by Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (Died.) Drechs]. Maier is moderately susceptible to Fusarium head blight [caused by Fusarium graminearum Schwabe; teleomorph Gibberella zeae (Schweinitz) Petch]. Breeder seed will be maintained by the Seedstocks Project, Agricultural Experiment Station, North Dakota State Univ., Fargo, ND 58105-5051. Protection for Maier will be applied for under the U.S. Plant Variety Protection Act for foundation, registered, and certified seed. E.M. ELIAS* and J.D. MILLER (5) References and Notes 1. Cantrell, R.G., J.W. Dick, and J.D. Miller. 1989. Registration of ‘Renville’ durum wheat. Crop Sci. 29:1329-1330. 2. Cantrell, R.G., J.W. Dick, J.D. Miller, and J.S. Quick. 1986. Registration of ‘Monroe’ durum wheat. Crop Sci. 26:200-201. 3. Cantrell, R.G., J.S. Quick, J.W. Dick, and J.D. Miller. 1984. Registration of ‘Lloyd’ durum wheat. Crop Sci. 24:386. 4. Elias, E.M. and J.D. Miller. 1998. Registration of ‘Ben’ Durum Wheat. Crop Sci. 38:895. 5. E.M. Elias, Dep. of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105; J.D. Miller, USDA-ARS, Northern Crop Science Lab., Fargo, ND 58105; * Corresponding Author (elias@prairie.nodak.edu). Acknowledgments The authors thank L.A. Spilde, (Dep. of Plant Sciences, NDSU, Fargo) for seed maintenance; F.A. Manthey, B.L. Hinsz, and J.H. Osborne, (Dep. of Cereal Science, NDSU, Fargo), for field plot quality evaluations; G.A. Hareland,(USDA-ARS, Fargo), for Uniform Regional Durum Nursery quality evaluations; L.J, Francl, (Dep. Of Plant Pathology, NDSU, Fargo), for tan spot evaluations; and R.W.Stack,(Dep. of Plant Pathology, NDSU, Fargo), for Fusarium head blight evaluations .

Maier

Durum Wheat
Durum Wheat Production
Durum Wheat Project Leader
   Education
   Professional Experience
   Current Research
   Teaching Responsibilities
   Publications
Durum Wheat Project Staff
Graduate Students
Objectives
Breeding Methods
   Modified Pedigree Method
   Doubled Haploid
   Marker-assisted Breeding
Breeding for Agronomic Traits
   Grain yield
   Plant height
   Maturity
Breeding for Disease Resistance
   Fusarium head blight
   Tan spot
   Rusts
Breeding for Quality Traits
   Color
   Grain protein
   Complete quality traits
Durum Wheat Varieties
   Divide 2005
   Grenora 2005
   Alkabo 2005
   Dilse 2002
   Pierce 2001
   Lebsock 1999
   Plaza 1999
   Maier 1998
   Mountrail 1998
   Belzer 1997
   Ben 1996
   Munich 1995
   All NDSU durum releases
Durum Wheat Products
   Pasta Products
   Couscous
   Bulgur
   Frekeh or Firik
   Breakfast cereal
   Durum Wheat Bread
   Desserts

Registration of 'Maier' Durum Wheat

'Maier' (Reg. no. CV-885, PI 607531) , spring durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum Desf.) was developed by the North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station in cooperation with USDA-ARS and officially released on 5 Nov 1998. Maier was tested as D89135 and was selected from the cross D8193/D8335 made in 1985 by R.G. Cantrell. The parent D8193 was derived from the cross D68111/’Rugby’//’Crosby’/3/’Vic’. D68111 was derived from the cross D65150/’Leeds’. D65150 was derived from the cross Pi//’Tomclair’//2*’Tehuacan’/3/ ’Zenati Bouteille’/’Wells’. The pedigree of D8335 is ’Wascana’/’Rolette’//Vic. Maier was developed using the pedigree method and was bulked in the F₅ generation as an F₄-derived line in 1989. Maier was named in honor of the late Mel Maier, North Dakota State Wheat Commission Administrator. Maier was tested for agronomic and quality traits at 52 location-years from 1993 to 1997. Maier was released because of its high protein concentration, large kernels, very strong gluten, and maintaining high level of grain yield as ’Ben’ (4) and ’Renville’ (1).

Maier is a daylength-sensitive durum wheat that is similar in heading date to Ben (60.4 d) and 3 d later than ‘Monroe’ (2). Maier's plant height averages 85.5 cm, which is 4.1 cm shorter than Ben and 17.7 cm taller than the semidwarf cultivar Lloyd (3). The culms are white and the peduncle is slightly recurved. Maier’s spikes are midlong, awned, oblong, laxative, and erect. The awns are white and 14 to 16 cm in length. The glumes are glabrous, white, long, and wide. The kernels are amber, hard, long, and elliptical; the germ is midsized; the crease is midwide and shallow, and the brush is absent.

Grain yield of Maier (3467.0 kg ha^-1) was similar to Ben and Renville, based on 52 location-years of testing in the Uniform Regional Durum Nursery from 1993 to 1997. Maier had a 3.5% lower yield than Ben (3090.7 kg ha^-1) and similar yield to Renville (2983.2 kg ha^-1) based on 26 location-years in the North Dakota Research Extension Centers’ varietal trials from 1993 to 1997. Maier had 753.5 kg m^-3 grain volume weight and 38.2 mg kernel weight when tested at 52 location-years in the Uniform Regional Durum Nursery. Maier has 12.9 kg m^-3 grain volume weight and 2.5 mg kernel weight lower than Ben.

Based on 23 location-years in North Dakota field plots (1993 to 1996), the semolina extraction rate of Maier (60.4%) on the Buhler-Miag laboratory mill at the Department of Cereal Sciences, North Dakota State University, is similar to Ben and Renville. Other milling characteristics and spaghetti color were favorable. Maier has very strong gluten mixing characteristics (classification: 6.6) as estimated by mixograph, stronger than Ben and Renville (classification: 6.2 and 5.7, respectively). Semolina protein of Maier was 141 g kg^-1, which is higher than Ben (136 g kg^-1) and Renville (135 g kg^-1).

Maier was evaluated at the USDA-ARS, Northern Crop Science Laboratory, Fargo, ND for wheat stem rust (caused by Puccinia graminis Per.:Pers. f. sp. tritici Eriks. & E. Henn) and was found to be highly resistant to pathotypes Pgt-QCC, -QTH, -RTQ, -RCR, -TML, -TPM, and -HPH. Maier’s adult plant resistance in the field to leaf rust (caused by P. triticina Eriks.) is high (10R) and is similar to Vic and Renville. Maier has a moderate level of resistance to tan spot [caused by Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (Died.) Drechs]. Maier is moderately susceptible to Fusarium head blight [caused by Fusarium graminearum Schwabe; teleomorph Gibberella zeae (Schweinitz) Petch].

Breeder seed will be maintained by the Seedstocks Project, Agricultural Experiment Station, North Dakota State Univ., Fargo, ND 58105-5051. Protection for Maier will be applied for under the U.S. Plant Variety Protection Act for foundation, registered, and certified seed.

E.M. ELIAS* and J.D. MILLER (5)

References and Notes

1. Cantrell, R.G., J.W. Dick, and J.D. Miller. 1989. Registration of ‘Renville’ durum wheat. Crop Sci. 29:1329-1330.

2. Cantrell, R.G., J.W. Dick, J.D. Miller, and J.S. Quick. 1986. Registration of ‘Monroe’ durum wheat. Crop Sci. 26:200-201.

3. Cantrell, R.G., J.S. Quick, J.W. Dick, and J.D. Miller. 1984. Registration of ‘Lloyd’ durum wheat. Crop Sci. 24:386.

4. Elias, E.M. and J.D. Miller. 1998. Registration of ‘Ben’ Durum Wheat. Crop Sci. 38:895.

5. E.M. Elias, Dep. of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105; J.D. Miller, USDA-ARS, Northern Crop Science Lab., Fargo, ND 58105; * Corresponding Author (elias@prairie.nodak.edu).

Acknowledgments

The authors thank L.A. Spilde, (Dep. of Plant Sciences, NDSU, Fargo) for seed maintenance; F.A. Manthey, B.L. Hinsz, and J.H. Osborne, (Dep. of Cereal Science, NDSU, Fargo), for field plot quality evaluations; G.A. Hareland,(USDA-ARS, Fargo), for Uniform Regional Durum Nursery quality evaluations; L.J, Francl, (Dep. Of Plant Pathology, NDSU, Fargo), for tan spot evaluations; and R.W.Stack,(Dep. of Plant Pathology, NDSU, Fargo), for Fusarium head blight evaluations .