Short Formulas

X2 Short Formula


Expected Ratio   Yate's Correction
A_   aa x Formula X Formula
1 :   1 x2 = (A - a)2 x2 = (|A - a| - 1)2
n n
2 :   1 x2 = (A - 2a)2 x2 = [|A - 2a| - 1.5]2
2n 2n
3 :   1 x2 = (A - 3a)2 x2 = [|A - 3a| - 2]2
3n 3n
15 :   1 x2 = (A - 15a)2 x2 = [|A - 15a| - 8]2
15n 15n
9 :   7 x2 = (7A - 9a)2 x2 = [|7A - 9a| - 8]2
63n 63n

Short formula for 9:3:3:1

X2 = 16(a2 + 3b2 + 3c2 +9 d2) - n  
9n  

The terms a, b, c, d refer to the following observed numbers:

class          A_B_     A_bb      aaB_        aabb
observed       a          b           c             d

Short formula for testcross data: AaBb x aabb progeny

X2A = (a1 + a2 - a3 - a4)2 for the A locus to test 1:1 ratio
n

X2B = (a1 - a2 + a3 - a4)2 for the B locus to test 1:1 ratio
n

X2L = (a1 - a2 - a3 + a4)2 to test for lack of independent assortment
n

The terms a1, a2, a3, a4 refer to the following observed numbers for each class.

class          AaBb     Aabb      aaBb        aabb
observed       a1        a2         a3             a4

Short formula for F2 data with four classes.

class          A_B_     A_bb      aaB_        aabb
observed       a1        a2         a3             a4

X2A =

(a1 + a2 - 3a3 - 3a4)2 to test for 3:1 ratio for the A locus
3n

X2B = (a1 - 3a2 + a3 - 3a4)2    
3n    

X2L = (a1 - 3a2 - 3a3 + 9a4)2 to test for lack of independent assortment  
9n  

X2 = 16(a21 + 3a22 + 3a23 + 9a24) - n  Ho:9:3:3:1 fit
9n