Part II

1. Maximal equational or random chromatid segregation increases the probability of homozygotes and decreases the probability of heterozygote gametes. Maximal equational occurs when alpha is a maximum. Random chromosome segregation occurs when bivalents always form or there is no crossover between the centromere and the locus. A locus very close to the centromere will be unlikely to crossover between the centromere and the locus.
   
   
2. Alpha can be equal or greater than zero and equal or less than 1/6. When alpha equals zero, random chromosome segregation ratios occur. When alpha equals 1/6, maximal equational segregation ratios occur. When alpha is between zero and 1/6, then the segregation ratio is random chromatid.



3. Autotetraploid zygote ratios can be determined using a Punnett square whe the gametic ratios have been determined.