PLSC 320, QUIZ 4
Name ______________________ Lab Sec._______
 
I trust that you have a better appreciation for forage crops. Even if you never grow a forage crop, I trust some of the principles in crop rotations, stand establishment, turfgrass management, grass plant identification, etc. will be useful. Please complete the brief quiz that I gave you the first day of class before you leave.
Pts
1 1. (TRUE or FALSE) Forage quality of oat hay decreased with increasing plant density in both Wisconsin and Dickinson, ND data.
1 2. (TRUE or FALSE) Forage yield increased but forage quality decreased from early to late-maturing oat cultivars, with the exception of Ensiler. Estimated milk yield/a increased with later maturing cultivars as a result of the increasing yield.
1 3. (TRUE or FALSE) Forage yield of oat-field pea mixtures generally are higher than pure oat stands.
2 4. The quality of oat-pea mixtures is higher than pure oat. Pat Carr at Dickinson states that the crude protein is increased from 12.0 to 13.5% by adding the pea. Yet, the average protein content of oat/pea mixtures was 16.7 vs. 13.7% for oat or 3 percentage units higher when averaged over five locations. Assuming these data are correct, how can you explain the differences in the results?
1 5. (TRUE or FALSE) Increasing the seedling rate of pea from 60 to 100 lb/a increases forage yield and helps pay for the additional pea seed cost.
1 6. (TRUE or FALSE) Sorghum/sudangrass hybrids will generally have a higher forage yield, but lower crude protein content compared with sudangrass.
2 7. Why should a brown-midrib sudangrass be selected when using sudangrass as a hay crop?
2 8. Give four reasons why harvesting corn silage above 72% moisture should be avoided.
1 9. (TRUE or FALSE) The feed value of frosted corn silage is generally less than that of unfrosted corn silage at the same maturity.
3 10. Joe Blow is interested in planting a corn for silage but is confused by the various types. Explain to Joe what waxy, Opque 2, and high-oil corns are and on what bases he should compare these corns.
2 11. The best estimate of forage quality is obtained by feeding the forage to animals; but since this is not possible in most cases, the best laboratory estimate of forage quality is from determining these two chemical components _____________________ and _________________________.
1 12. The small-grain cereal crop with the highest yield and quality is (a. Oat, b. triticale, c. wheat, d. barley).
1 13. The recommended harvest stage of a cereal crop for forage is at the __________________ stage for the beef cow.
2 14. Why is the recommended harvest stage of corn silage at physiological maturity even though the intake and digestibility are higher at the one-half milkline stage?
1.5 15. The three most common sorghums used as a forage are ____________________, __________________, and ________________________.
1.5 16. The three factors that most affect the level of HCN found in a sorghum are _______________________, _______________________, and __________________________.
2 17. What is the major advantage(s) and disadvantage(s) of pearlmillet as a forage crop?
1 18. (TRUE or FALSE) Proso millet normally is used as a grain crop, but proso can be used as a forage crop and has the hay quality of its close relative siberian foxtail millet.
1 19. (TRUE or FALSE) Sudangrass and sudangrass X sorghum crosses are preferred over siberian foxtail millet as an emergency forage crop in most years because they have the ability to recover following harvest if moisture is adequate whereas foxtail millet does not.
1 20. (TRUE or FALSE) Pearlmillet should not be fed to horses since it can be laxative in nature or it can be diuretic if mature.
1 21. (TRUE or FALSE) Kochia harvested at 26 inches of growth can have the feed value of alfalfa as a component of the ration.
1 22. The best method to evaluate heat damage in a low-moisture haylage is to have this chemical component determined ______________________________.
4 23. List the three major controllable factors that must be controlled to obtain top-notch silage preservation and give the common means that a producer attempts to control them.
3 24. Briefly discuss what happens in the fermentation of a silage if properly ensiled.
1 25. Why is cold fermentation undesirable in silage preservation?
4 26. What are the four classes of silage additives, preservatives, and/or conditioners and give an example of each class.
1 27. (TRUE or FALSE) Mechanical conditioning was ineffective in increasing the drying rate of alfalfa hay during the third and fourth harvest.
3 28. Give the summary of good hay-making practices, be specific.
2 29. The most common hay-drying agent is ______________________. What is the major advantage other than decreasing the drying rate and two major disadvantages of the hay drying agent.
2 30. Joe Blow is interested in using an organic acid or bacterial inoculant to help harvest his hay. What would you recommend to Joe, should he use them? Why or why not.

Upon my honor, I have neither given or received aid in writing this exam. __________________________
Quiz 4 answers