Oakes Irrigation
Research
Site
Carrington Research Extension Center * North Dakota State
University
P.O. Box 531, Oakes, ND 58474-0531, Voice: (701) 742-2189, FAX:
(701)
742-2700, E-mail: Leonard.Besemann@ndsu.edu
CARROT
HYBRID PERFORMANCE
TRIAL
Richard Greenland, Leonard Besemann and Heidi Eslinger
Table 13. US #1 and total carrot yield for carrots in the baby carrot hybrid performance trial
Table 14. Root characteristics for carrots in the baby carrot hybrid performance trial
Table 16. Root characteristics for carrots in the cut and peel carrot hybrid performance trial
Table 17. US #1 & total carrot yield for the cello carrot hybrid performance trial
Table 18. Root characteristics for carrots in the cello carrot hybrid performance trial
Table 19. US #1 & total carrot yields for carrots in the jumbo carrot hybrid performance trial
Table 20. Root characteristics of carrots in the jumbo carrot hybrid performance trial
Table 21. US #1 & total carrot yields for carrots in the dicer carrot hybrid performance trial
Table 22. Root characteristics of carrots in the dicer carrot hybrid performance trial
In North Dakota, carrots grow very well. Carrots have greater commercial production potential than any other vegetable. We tested true baby, cut and peel, cello, jumbo and dicing types of carrots.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
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Soil: |
Maddock sandy loam and Egeland loam; pH=7.4; 1.9% organic matter; soil-P and soil-K were very high; soil-S was low |
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Previous crop: |
2004 - hairy vetch; 2003 - edible bean; 2002 - edible bean. |
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Seedbed Preparation: |
Chisel plow on April 14. Disked on May 3. Multiweeded (field cultivated) three times; once on May 3 to level the seed bed and twice on May 4 to incorporate fertilizer and herbicide. |
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Planting: |
Direct seeded raw carrot seeds on May 4 with a Monosem precision planter. Carrot planting pattern was 2 lines per row (2.5 inches between lines in a row) for the processing and dicing carrots and 3 lines per row (2 inches between lines in the row) for all other carrots with all rows on 18-inch centers. Planting rate was about 330,000 seeds/acre for dicing, 500,000 seeds/acre for jumbo, 800,000 seeds/acre for cello, 1.2 million seeds/acre for cut and peel, and 1.86 million seeds/acre for baby carrots. A row of barley cover crop (0.45 bu/acre) was planted between and parallel to the carrot rows. |
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Plots: |
Plots were 17 ft long by three feet wide (two rows plus the wheel track). The study had 4 reps. |
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Fertilizer: |
On April 15 broadcast 26 lbs N/acre and 30 lbs S/acre as 21-0-0-24. Fertigate 40 lbs N/acre on June 18 and 50 lbs N/acre on July 7 as 28-0-0. |
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Irrigation: |
Overhead sprinkler irrigation as needed. |
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Pest control: |
Weeds were controlled using Treflan preplant incorporated (1.5 pt/acre on May 4), Lorox (1 lb/acre on May 5 and 2 lbs/acre on June 20), Fusilade + NIS (12 oz/acre + 0.5% v/v on June 9, which also killed the barley cover crop), and by hand weeding. Sprayed Sevin XLR (1 qt/acre on July 14 and August 3) to control leafhopper. |
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Harvest: |
The baby, cut and peel, and cello carrots were harvested three times: baby on July 6, July 13 and July 20; cut and peel on July 21, July 27 and August 3; and cello on August 1, August 15 and August 24. The jumbo and dicing carrots were harvested once: jumbo on October 10; and dicing on October 11. The harvest area was two rows wide by three feet long for all carrots. |
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Adelaide looked better and had a higher yield than Migon but Migon was higher on the Brix scale for the baby carrots tested. For cut and peel carrots, all varieties were similar but varied somewhat between harvest dates. Bradford had the highest total yields of the cello type carrots. Bradford and Cupar were the highest yielding jumbo and dicer types. Nevada had the highest percentage of dry matter and was the palest.
Table 13. US #1 and total carrot yield for carrots in the Oakes Irrigation Research Site 2005 baby carrot hybrid performance trial.
Hybrid |
Seed source1 |
US #1 carrots |
Total yield |
Total roots |
||||||
|
yield (by root diameter in inches) |
% of total yield |
Root size |
||||||||
|
>13/16 |
3/4 to 13/16 |
5/8 to 3/4 |
3/8 to 5/8 |
total |
||||||
|
|
--------------------------- tons/acre ------------------------------- |
% |
oz/root |
tons/A |
1000s/A |
|||||
|
|
||||||||||
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Harvested July 6 |
|
|||||||||
|
Adelaide |
BE |
0.0 |
0.1 |
1.4 |
1.1 |
2.7 |
60 |
0.4 |
4.4 |
529 |
|
Migon |
BE |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.1 |
0.6 |
0.7 |
35 |
0.3 |
2.0 |
427 |
|
Probability |
-- |
0.08 |
0.0009 |
0.03 |
0.0011 |
0.0009 |
0.002 |
0.005 |
0.2 |
|
|
CV (%) |
-- |
111 |
18 |
24 |
13 |
6 |
4 |
14 |
18 |
|
|
Harvested July 13 |
|
|||||||||
|
Adelaide |
BE |
0.1 |
2.0 |
2.2 |
0.9 |
5.2 |
70 |
0.6 |
7.2 |
509 |
|
Migon |
BE |
0.0 |
0.1 |
1.1 |
0.9 |
2.0 |
52 |
0.4 |
4.0 |
519 |
|
Probability |
0.21 |
0.07 |
0.06 |
0.97 |
0.06 |
0.11 |
0.03 |
0.052 |
0.88 |
|
|
CV (%) |
177 |
96 |
33 |
37 |
43 |
20 |
10 |
26 |
16 |
|
|
Harvested July 20 |
|
|||||||||
|
Adelaide |
BE |
0.4 |
4.0 |
3.3 |
0.8 |
8.5 |
78 |
0.8 |
10.8 |
553 |
|
Migon |
BE |
0.1 |
0.9 |
1.8 |
0.4 |
3.2 |
58 |
0.5 |
5.6 |
462 |
|
Probability |
0.41 |
0.01 |
0.014 |
0.43 |
0.004 |
0.02 |
0.007 |
0.005 |
0.32 |
|
|
CV (%) |
186 |
30 |
17 |
86 |
16 |
9 |
8 |
12 |
21 |
|
1See Appendix A for a list of seed sources.
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Table 14. Root characteristics for carrots in the Oakes Irrigation Research Site 2005 baby carrot hybrid performance trial.
Hybrid |
Seed source1 |
Multiple root |
Average length |
Root diameter |
Core diameter |
Cortex color2 |
Core color2 |
Con- trast3 |
Uni- formity |
Overall score |
Brix score4 |
|
|
% |
-------------- inches --------------- |
----- 1 to 4 ----- |
---- 1 to 5 ---- |
1 to 10 |
|
|||||
|
|
|||||||||||
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Harvested July 6 |
|
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Adelaide |
BE |
2 |
3.8 |
0.71 |
0.30 |
2.8 |
2.0 |
4.0 |
3.1 |
7.0 |
6.4 |
|
Migon |
BE |
4 |
3.6 |
0.63 |
0.28 |
2.5 |
2.0 |
4.0 |
2.4 |
6.0 |
7.1 |
|
Probability |
0.29 |
-- |
0.19 |
0.31 |
0.39 |
-- |
-- |
0.014 |
0.09 |
0.11 |
|
|
CV (%) |
70 |
-- |
10 |
8 |
13 |
0 |
0 |
7 |
9 |
6 |
|
|
Harvested July 13 |
|
||||||||||
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Adelaide |
BE |
2 |
3.6 |
0.72 |
0.34 |
2.0 |
2.0 |
4.0 |
3.1 |
7.5 |
5.6 |
|
Migon |
BE |
7 |
3.7 |
0.72 |
0.33 |
2.0 |
2.0 |
4.0 |
1.9 |
5.9 |
7.0 |
|
Probability |
0.056 |
-- |
1 |
0.78 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.02 |
|
|
CV (%) |
46 |
-- |
5 |
12 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
24 |
12 |
7 |
|
|
Harvested July 20 |
|
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Adelaide |
BE |
11 |
4.1 |
0.83 |
0.38 |
2.0 |
2.0 |
4.0 |
3.6 |
7.8 |
8.6 |
|
Migon |
BE |
12 |
3.9 |
0.75 |
0.35 |
2.0 |
2.0 |
4.0 |
1.9 |
5.9 |
8.2 |
|
Probability |
0.66 |
-- |
0.048 |
0.14 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
0.012 |
0.03 |
0.54 |
|
|
CV (%) |
35 |
-- |
4 |
7 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
17 |
10 |
12 |
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1See Appendix A for list of seed sources.
2Color: 1=yellow orange; 2=light orange; 3=medium orange; 4=dark orange.
3Contrast between cortex and core. The higher the number the lower the contrast.
4The Brix score is a measure of soluble solids and is usually related to the amount of sugar in the carrot - higher is sweeter.
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Table 15. US #1 and total carrot yield for carrots in the Oakes Irrigation Research Site 2005 cut and peel carrot hybrid performance trial.
Hybrid |
Seed source1 |
US #1 carrots |
Total yield |
Total roots |
||||||
|
yield (by root diameter in inches) |
% of total yield |
Root size |
||||||||
|
>13/16 |
3/4 to 13/16 |
5/8 to 3/4 |
3/8 to 5/8 |
total |
||||||
|
|
------------------------ tons/acre ---------------------------- |
% |
oz/root |
tons/A |
1000s/A |
|||||
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Harvested July 21 |
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Independent |
BE |
0.1 |
2.0 a |
1.8 |
0.6 |
4.5 |
68 |
0.6 |
6.5 |
437 |
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Interceptor |
BE |
0.1 |
1.0 b |
1.5 |
0.8 |
3.4 |
55 |
0.5 |
6.3 |
523 |
|
Inverness |
BE |
0.1 |
1.0 b |
2.0 |
0.7 |
3.7 |
54 |
0.6 |
6.6 |
445 |
|
Nevada |
BE |
0.9 |
1.4 ab |
1.6 |
0.4 |
4.3 |
61 |
0.7 |
7.1 |
490 |
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Probability |
0.12 |
0.011 |
0.77 |
0.6 |
0.53 |
0.3 |
0.09 |
0.39 |
0.69 |
|
|
C.V.(%) |
169 |
26 |
38 |
70 |
28 |
18 |
11 |
10 |
24 |
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