Oakes Irrigation Research Site
Carrington Research Extension Center * North Dakota State University
P.O. Box 531, Oakes, ND 58474-0531, Voice: (701) 742-2189, FAX: (701) 742-2700, email: rgreenla@ndsuext.nodak.edu

 

CARROT HYBRID PERFORMANCE TRIAL

Richard Greenland, Leonard Besemann and Heidi Eslinger


Results summary

Table 23. US #1 and total baby carrot yield

Table 24. Root characteristics for baby carrots

Table 25. US #1 and total cut and peel carrot yield

Table 26. Root characteristics for cut and peel carrots

Table 27. US #1 and total cello carrot yield

Table 28. Root characteristics of cello carrots

Table 29. US #1 and total yields of jumbo processing carrots

Table 30. Root characteristics and dry matter content of jumbo processing carrots

Table 31. US #1 & total yields of dicer carrots

Table 32. Root characteristics of dicer carrots


          In North Dakota, carrots grow very well. Carrots have greater commercial production potential than any other vegetable. We tested true baby, cut and peel, cello, processing and dicing types of carrots.


MATERIALS AND METHODS


Soil:

Maddock sandy loam; pH=6.9; 2.1% organic matter; soil-P and soil-K were very high; soil-S was low.

Previous crop:

2002 - potato; 2001 - cabbage, carrot, edible bean, field corn, onion, potato, soybean, sugar beet, sweetcorn and wheat; 2000 - field corn.

Seedbed

Preparation:

Chisel plowed and disked once on April 24. Multiweeded (field cultivated) once on May 8 to level seed bed and twice on May 26 to incorporate herbicide.

Planting:

Direct seeded raw carrot seeds on May 21 and May 23 with a Monosem precision planter. Carrot planting pattern was 2 lines per row (2.5 inches between lines in a row) for the processing and dicing carrots and 3 lines per row (2 inches between lines in the row) for all other carrots with rows on 18-inch centers. Planting rate was about 330,000 seeds/acre for dicing, about 500,000 seeds/acre for processing, 800,000 seeds/acre for cello, 1.2 million seeds/acre for cut and peel, and 1.86 million seeds/acre for baby carrots. A row of barley cover crop (0.45 bu/acre) was planted between and parallel to the carrot rows.

Plots:

Plots were 17 ft long by three feet wide and were arranged in a randomized complete block design with 4 reps.

Fertilizer:

On April 9, broadcast 11 lbs N/acre and 52 lbs P205 as 11-52-0, 30 lbs K2O as 0-0-60 and 18 lbs N/acre and 20 lbs S/acre as 21-0-0-24. Applied 40 lbs N/acre as 32-0-0 on May 13. Fertigated 50 lbs N/acre as 28-0-0 on June 26. Applied 30 lbs N/acre as urea on July 16.

Irrigation:

Overhead sprinkler irrigation as needed.

Pest

control:

Weeds were controlled using Treflan (1.5 pt/acre on May 16), Poast + Dash (1.5 pt + 1 pt/acre on June 17, which also killed the barley cover crop), Lorox (1 lb/acre on May 23 and 1.5 lbs/acre on June 30), and by hand weeding. Sprayed Asana (8 oz/acre on July 17, July 30, and August 8, August 22) to control leafhopper.

Harvest:

The baby carrots were harvested once (July 21). The cut and peel were harvested twice (July 30 and August 6). The cello carrots were harvested three times (August 4, August 11, and August 22). The processing carrots were harvested once (October 13). The dicing carrots were harvested once (October 15). The harvest area was two rows wide by three feet long for all carrots.

 

RESULTS


           Adelaide was the only baby carrot tested. For cut and peel carrots, SugarSnax54 and Intercepter carrots were longer, Intercepter carrots were thinner, while Tempo had higher yields. Bolero had the highest total yields and quality of the cello type carrots, with Tempo having highest yield of US # 1carrots. Florida, Carson and Bersky were the highest yielding and best quality of the processing types. Florida, Bersky and Bergen had the highest yield and quality of the dicing types of carrots.


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Table 23. US #1 and total carrot yield for carrots in the Oakes Irrigation Research Site 2003 baby carrot hybrid performance trial.

Hybrid

Seed source1

US #1 carrots

Total

yield

Total

roots

yield (by root diameter)

% of total

yield

>13/16"

¾ to 13/16"

⅝ to ¾”

⅜ to ⅝”

total

 

------------------------------- tons/acre ------------------------------

%

tons/A

1000s/A

 

Adelaide

BE

0.3

1.0

3.3

1.9

6.4

71

9.0

941

1See Appendix A for a list of seed sources.


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Table 24. Root characteristics for carrots in the Oakes Irrigation Research Site 2003 baby carrot hybrid performance trial.

Hybrid

Seed

source1

Multiple

root

Average

length

Root

diameter

Core

diameter

Cortex

color2

Core

color2

Contrast3

Uni-

formity

Overall

score

US #1 size

 

%

------------- inches -------------

----- 1 to 4 ----

----- 1 to 5 -----

1 to 10

oz/root

 

Adelaide

BE

6

3.5

0.63

0.25

2.0

2.0

3.8

3.0

7.0

0.4

1See Appendix A for list of seed sources.

2Color: 1=yellow orange; 2=light orange; 3=medium orange; 4=dark orange.

3Contrast between cortex and core. The higher the number the lower the contrast.


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Table 25. US #1 and total carrot yield for carrots in the Oakes Irrigation Research Site 2003 cut and peel carrot hybrid performance trial.

Hybrid

Seed

source1

US #1 carrots

Total

yield

Total

roots

Root

size

yield (by root diameter)

% of total

yield

>13/16"

¾ to 13/16"

⅝ to ¾”

⅜ to ⅝”

total

 

--------------------------- tons/acre ---------------------------

%

tons/A

1000s/A

oz/root

Harvested July 30

Infinity

BE

0.4

2.4

2.9

2.6

8.3

73

11.4

747

0.6

Interceptor

BE

0.0

0.4

1.3

3.5

5.2

63

8.2

703

0.5

SugarSnax54

SS

0.2

1.6

3.0

3.1

7.9

70

11.3

548

0.7

Tempo

VL

1.4

4.2

3.3

1.6

10.5

83

12.6

650

0.7

TriplePlay58

SS

0.3

3.5

3.0

1.7

8.5

75

11.4

553

0.7

 

Probability

0.002

0.0004

0.07

0.02

0.0006

0.007

0.005

0.15

0.05

LSD (0.05)

0.6

1.3

—

1.2

1.8

9

2

—

0.2

C.V (%)

84

36

35

31

14

8

12

19

18

 

Harvested Aug 6

Infinity

BE

3.7

3.9

3.0

2.6

13.2

83

15.8

626

0.8

Interceptor

BE

1.4

1.6

2.9

2.9

8.8

71

12.1

606

0.7

SugarSnax54

SS

4.5

2.6

2.3

2.0

11.4

81

14.2

525

0.9

Tempo

VL

7.6

3.7

2.8

1.7

15.8

86

18.4

657

0.9

TriplePlay58

SS

4.2

4.0

3.7

2.6

14.5

81

17.7

623

0.9

 

Probability

0.002

0.0005

0.40

0.57

0.007

0.28

0.005

0.21

0.01

LSD (0.05)

2.4

0.9

—

—

3.4

—

3.1

—

0.2

C. V. (%)

37

19

33

46

17

11

13

12

12

1See Appendix A for a list of seed sources.


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Table 26. Root characteristics for carrots in the Oakes Irrigation Research Site 2003 cut and peel carrot hybrid performance trial.


Hybrid

Seed

source1

Multiple

root

Average

length

Root

diameter

Core

diameter

Cortex

color2

Core

color2

Contrast3

Uni-

formity

Overall

score

 

%

-------------- inches –------------

----- 1 to 4 ----

----- 1 to 5 -----

1 to 10

Harvested July 29

Infinity

BE

17

6.4

0.79

0.40

2.8

3.0

3.0

2.5

6.8

Interceptor

BE

29

6.6

0.72

0.36

2.8

2.8

3.3

2.1

6.0

SugarSnax54

SS

23

6.7

0.81

0.43

3.0

3.0

3.0

2.5

6.5

Tempo

VL

6

5.3

0.91

0.37

3.0

3.0

3.0

2.6

6.9

TriplePlay58

SS

16

6.6

0.84

0.36

3.0

3.0

3.0

2.5

6.6

 

Probability

0.003

0.007

0.06

0.17

0.61

0.44

0.44

0.29

0.10

LSD (0.05)

10

0.7

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

C.V. (%)

34

7

10

11

11

8

7

13

6

 

Harvested Aug 7

Infinity

BE

11

6.2

0.92

0.40

3.0

3.0

3.0

2.8

6.8

Interceptor

BE

25

6.5

0.84

0.36

3.0

3.0

3.0

2.8

6.8

SugarSnax54

SS

14

6.8

0.93

0.48

3.0

3.0

3.0

2.8

6.8

Tempo

VL

8

5.4

0.93

0.35

3.0

3.0

3.0

2.8

6.9

TriplePlay58

SS

11