Oakes Irrigation Research Site
Carrington Research Extension Center * North Dakota State University
P.O. Box 531, Oakes, ND 58474-0531, Voice: (701) 742-2189, FAX: (701) 742-2700, email: rgreenla@ndsuext.nodak.edu

 

CABBAGE HYBRID PERFORMANCE TRIAL

Richard Greenland, Leonard Besemann and Delores Anderson


Results summary

Table 5. Early stand, yields, quality and head shape of early (fresh market) cabbage

Table 6. Head characteristics of fresh market cabbage

Table 7. Early stand, yields, quality and head shape of late (slaw market) cabbage

Table 8. Cabbage head characteristics for the late (slaw market) harvest


Cabbage grows well in the cool climate of North Dakota, but cabbage production is limited due to market uncertainty and lack of information on available hybrids. Data were collected to determine suitability of these hybrids for both the fresh and slaw markets with direct seeded and transplanted cabbage.


MATERIALS AND METHODS


Soil:

Maddock sandy loam; pH=7.2; 2.5% organic matter; soil-P and soil-K were very high; soil-S was very low.

Previous crops:

2000 - onion; 1999 - pumpkin and winter squash; 1998 - field corn.

Seedbed

preparation:

Disked on April 25. Multiweeded (field cultivated) three times May 2; once to incorporate fertilizer and twice to incorporate herbicide.

Planting:

Direct seeded cabbage and barley cover crop (one bu/acre) on May 4 with a Monosem precision planter. Seeds were spaced about 7 inches apart in 18-inch rows. Plants were later thinned to 15 inches apart (about 26,000 plants/acre). Seeds were placed about ½ to ¾ inches deep into a flat, fine seedbed. Started transplants in greenhouse on March 22. Transplanted cabbage on May 8 (no cover crop planted). Sprayed Poast + Dash (1.5 pt/acre + 1 pt/acre) on May 30 to kill the barley cover crop.

Plots:

Main plots were 34 ft long by one row (17 inches) wide. Each main plot was divided into 2, 17-ft long sections. The study had 4 reps.

Fertilizer:

On April 19, broadcast 10 lbs N/acre and 50 lbs P2O5/acre as 10-50-0 and 18 lbs N/acre and 20 lbs S/acre as 21-0-0-24. Sprayed 50 lbs N/acre as on May 2, sprayed 60 lbs N/acre on June 4. Fertigated 30 lbs N/acre on July 11 and July 30 as 28-0-0.

Irrigation:

Overhead sprinkler irrigation as needed.

Pest

Control:

Weeds were controlled using Treflan (1 pt/acre applied preplant incorporated on May 2), Dacthal (10 lbs/acre on May 10), Lentagran (2 lbs/acre (transplants on June 4) and (direct seeded on June 12)), Poast + Dash (1.5 pt + 1 pt/acre (direct seeded) on June 20) and by hand weeding. Sprayed Sevin (1 qt/acre on May 14 and May 24) to control flea beetle. Asana (8 oz/acre all cabbage on June 19, July 17 and direct seeded on June 4) and DiPel (1 lb/acre on July 5, July 9, July 25, Aug 1, and Aug 8,) to control cabbage looper and cabbage worm.

Harvest:

One section of each main plot was hand harvested when heads were firm and of marketable size (early harvest). The other section was harvested about two weeks later (late harvest). Cabbage head characteristics were measured on representative cabbage heads selected at each harvest from each plot.

RESULTS


          Cheers was the best cabbage overall for both fresh and slaw market in both transplanted and direct seeded studies. Transplanted cabbage did better than direct seeded cabbage.


Top of cabbage performance trial


Table 5. Early stand, yields, quality and head shape of early (fresh market) cabbage in the Oakes Irrigation Research Site 2001 cabbage hybrid performance trial. (click here to go to statistics explanations page)

Hybrid

Seed source1

Early stand2

Days to harvest

Harvest spread3

Number of heads

Yield

Overall score

Head shape4

Head size

 

1000s/acre

-------- days --------

1000s/acre

tons/acre

1 to 10

1 to 5

lbs/head

Direct Seed vs. Transplant

Direct seed

21.5

101

19

16.7

23.4

6.8

3.5

2.9

Transplant

23.8

82

16

21.4

29.9

7.3

3.3

2.8

Probability5

0.09

0.0003

0.22

0.008

0.01

0.11

0.05

0.66

Hybrids direct seeded

1861

BE

 25.2 bcd6

  85 fgh

16 a-i

18.4 c-i

27.5 d-m

7.2 c-j

2.9 lm

3.1 d-h

Alladin

BE

 25.6 bcd

  94 j-m

14 a-g

20.1 b-h

24.1 g-m

7.7 b-f

3.4 f-i

2.4 nop

Amtrak

BE

 18.4 ef

119 r

25 h-l

 9.8 m

15.1 op

6.7 h-l

4.9 a

3.0 d-i

Bartolo

BE

 20.5 c-f

115 qr

24 g-k

17.1 f-k

21.5 l-o

6.9 e-k

4.9 a

2.5 k-p

Cambria

BE

 24.8 bcd

  96 j-m

16 a-i

22.6 abc

31.3 b-f

4.5 p

3.1 h-m

2.8 f-o

Charmant

R

 36.3 a

  91 ij

14 a-h

26.9 a

32.2 b-e

6.9 e-k

3.2 g-k

2.4 m-p

Cheers

AT

 20.1 def

103 no

30 j-m

17.5 e-j

32.8 bcd

6.7 h-l

3.0 k-m

3.7 ab

DPS 301

DP

 16.2 f

  96 j-m

22 e-k

14.9 i-l

22.6 j-n

5.1 nop

3.1 h-m

3.0 d-j

DPSX 313

DP

 24.8 bcd

  92 jkl

15 a-i

16.2 h-k

21.2 mno

5.9 lmn

1.9 n

2.6 i-p

DPSX 315

DP

  9.0 g

106 op

22 d-k

 9.7 m

11.3 p

7.2 b-k

3.0 k-m

2.3 op

Fieldsport

BE

 28.6 b

  95 j-m

15 a-i

21.4 b-f

27.8 d-l

7.1 d-k

3.4 f-j

2.6 i-p

Fuerte

BE

 20.5 c-f

  98 lmn

21 c-k

17.5 e-j

23.9 h-m

6.8 g-k

3.0 k-m

2.7 f-o

Gideon

BE

 21.4 c-f

100 mno

20 b-j

16.2 h-k

26.6 d-m

7.3 b-j

3.7 de

3.4 b-e

Governor

BE

 20.1 def

  98 k-n

15 a-i

12.8 klm

16.5 nop

7.3 b-j

3.2 g-k

2.6 j-p

Histona

BE

 16.2 f

  92 jkl

10 a-d

10.7 lm

16.9 nop

4.9 op

3.5 efg

3.4 bcd

Invento

BE

 20.1 def

  91 hij

17 a-i

17.5 e-j

21.7 k-n

8.0 abc

3.2 g-k

2.6 i-p

Lennox

BE

 21.8 c-f

115 qr

31 klm

18.4 c-i

23.9 h-m

7.7 b-g

4.6 abc

2.6 i-p

Loughton

VL

 26.1 bc

125 s

23 g-k

16.7 g-k

21.5 l-o

7.7 a-f

4.5 bc

2.6 i-p

Morris

BE

  9.8 g

  92 h-k

  9 abc

12.9 j-m

23.3 h-n

7.5 b-i

3.0 j-m

3.6 abc

Ramada

BE

 22.6 cde

100 mno

23 f-k

17.1 f-k

25.9 e-m

6.7 h-l

3.4 fgh

3.1 d-h

Saratoga

BE

 24.3 bcd

125 s

23 f-k

17.1 f-k

22.8 i-n

7.5 b-h

4.7 ab

2.8 f-o

Hybrids transplanted

1861

BE

23.9 b-e6

  64 a

16 a-i

23.9 ab

34.9 bc

7.4 b-j

3.0 k-m

2.9 e-k

Alladin

BE

23.9 b-e

  69 abc

  9 ab

20.9 b-g

30.2 b-h

7.2 b-j

2.9 k-m

2.9 f-l

Amtrak

BE

23.9 b-e

  96 mno

30 j-m

21.8 b-e

29.8 b-h

6.5 j-m

4.5 bc

2.7 f-o

Bartolo

BE

23.9 b-e

  79 f

12 a-f

23.5 ab

30.5 b-g

6.6 i-m

3.6 ef

2.6 i-p

Cambria

BE

23.5 b-e

  78 ef

11 a-d

19.6 b-h

25.0 f-m

7.3 b-j

3.6 ef

2.6 i-p

Charmant

R

23.9 b-e

  67 abc

13 a-g

20.1 b-h

25.0 f-m

7.0 e-k

3.2 h-l

2.5 k-p

Cheers

AT

22.6 cde

  80 fg

14 a-h

23.5 ab

48.6 a

7.3 b-j

2.8 m

4.1 a

DPS 301

DP

23.5 b-e

  72 bcd

11 a-e

17.9 d-i

28.1 d-k

7.1 c-j

3.1 h-m

3.2 c-f

DPSX 313

DP

23.5 b-e

  66 ab

17 a-i

20.9 b-g

27.5 d-m

5.7 mno

2.0 n

2.6 h-p

DPSX 315

DP

23.9 b-e

  80 fg

40 m

20.1 b-h

22.5 j-n

6.8 g-l

2.9 k-m

2.2 p

Fieldsport

BE

23.9 b-e

  71 bcd

10 a-d

20.9 b-g

29.8 b-h

7.7 b-f

3.4 f-j

2.8 f-n

Fuerte

BE

23.9 b-e

  73 cde

17 a-i

20.5 b-h

29.3 c-i

6.9 e-k

3.0 k-m

2.9 f-m

Gideon

BE

23.5 b-e

  82 f-i

14 a-g

20.5 b-h

28.8 c-j

7.3 b-j

3.8 de

2.8 f-n

Governor

BE

23.9 b-e

  77 def

12 a-f

22.2 bcd

29.5 b-h

6.9 f-k

2.9 k-m

2.7 g-p

Histona

BE

23.9 b-e

  66 ab

12 a-f

23.1 ab

36.0 b

6.2 klm

3.4 f-j

3.1 d-g

Invento

BE

23.9 b-e

  71 bcd

  8 a

18.4 c-i

22.5 j-n

8.7 a

3.1 i-m

2.4 l-p

Lennox

BE

23.9 b-e

  86 g-j

18 a-i

22.6 abc

30.0 b-h

8.0 abc

4.0 d

2.7 g-p

Loughton

VL

23.9 b-e

100 no

26 i-l

22.2 bcd

25.9 e-m

7.7 b-g

4.3 c

2.3 op

Morris

BE

23.5 b-e

  66 ab

12 a-f

23.1 ab

32.9 bcd

8.0 a-d

3.0 k-m

2.9 f-n

Ramada

BE

23.9 b-e

  79 f

11 a-e

20.9 b-g

32.9 bcd

8.1 ab

3.0 i-m

3.2 c-f

Saratoga

BE

23.9 b-e

108 pq

35 lm

21.8 b-e

27.5 d-m

7.8 a-e

4.8 ab

2.5 k-p

Probability (between hybrids)

0.0001

<.0001

<.0001

<.0001

<.0001

<.0001

<.0001

<.0001

C.V. (%)

22

5

45

17

17

9

7

12

1See Appendix A for list of seed source codes.

2Stand on May 18 (before thinning).

3Harvest spread = days between first head ready to harvest until last head in plot ready to harvest.

4Head shape: 1 is very flat; 2 is flat; 3 is round; 4 is tall; 5 is very tall.

5If probability is 0.05 or less then there was a significant difference between direct seeded vs. transplanted cabbage.

6Values in the same column followed by the same letter are not significantly different at the 0.05 level.


Top of cabbage performance trial


Table 6. Head characteristics of fresh market cabbage in the Oakes Irrigation Research Site 2001 cabbage hybrid performance trial.

Hybrid

Seed source1

Head density2

Head width

Head height

Inside color3

Outside color4

Core length

Core width

 

1 to 5

-------- inches --------

1 to 8

2 to 8

--------- inches --------

Direct Seed vs. Transplant

Direct seed

3.5

6.0

6.5

1.5

2.8

3.6

1.25

Transplant

3.9

5.8

6.2

1.9

3.2

3.3

1.30

Probability5

0.08

0.22

0.02

0.02

0.02

0.04

0.05

Hybrids direct seeded

1861

BE

2.8 pq6

6.5 abc

6.4 h-l

1.9 cd

2.3 lm

2.7 a

1.2 c-i

Alladin

BE

3.6 h-m

5.6 k-q

6.0 l-o

1.2 hij

2.7 e-k

2.9 abc

1.2 a-f

Amtrak

BE

4.2 c-h

5.5 l-q

7.7 a

1.0 j

2.0 m

4.8 q

1.5 rs

Bartolo

BE

4.6 a-e

5.0 rst

7.1 bcd

1.1 j

2.4 j-m

4.4 pq

1.3 i-n

Cambria

BE

1.9 r

6.5 a-e

6.7 d-h

1.4 f-j

2.9 c-g

4.2 op

1.1 ab

Charmant

R

3.3 l-o

5.8 g-m

6.2 j-o

1.4 e-j

2.8 d-j

3.8 k-o

1.2 a-g

Cheers

AT

2.9 n-q

6.9 a

6.7 e-h

1.3 f-j

2.7 e-l

3.8 k-o

1.3 g-l

DPS 301

DP

2.5 qr

6.5 a-d

6.6 e-i

1.1 j

2.4 g-m

3.6 i-l

1.2 a-d

DPSX 313

DP

2.6 q

6.7 abc

5.2 st

1.3 f-j

2.7 e-k

3.0 a-e

1.1 abc