Chickpea
pre-harvest dessication (2004)
Studies
were conducted in 2003 at Bozeman, MT and in 2004 at Minot, ND.
Minot
Large
kabuli chickpea, Sierra, was planted on April 27 at Minot. The study was
seeded on barley residue and arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD)
with three replications. Herbicides were applied with a backpack
sprayer delivering 10 gpa at 40 psi through XR8001 nozzles.
Six
herbicides were applied prior to harvest on Aug 31, Sep 7, and Sep 15.
Treatments were evaluated visually for percent desiccation two or three
times following application (Table 2).
Bozeman
Large
kabuli chickpea, Yuma, was planted May 16 at Bozeman, MT.
The trial was seeded on fallow and arranged in a RCBD with four
replications. Applications were
made with a CO2 backpack sprayer delivering 10 gpa at 40 psi
through 8001 flat fan nozzles.
Six
herbicides were applied prior to harvest on Aug 12, 18, and 25.
Treatments were evaluated visually for percent desiccation at 3, 7, and
14 DAT (Table 3).
Results:
Minot
Paraquat provided more chickpea desiccation within 3 DAT.
Paraquat and glufosinate provided faster desiccation than glyphosate at
7-10 DAT (Table 2).
Glufosinate and glyphosate provided similar desiccation by 17-21 DAT.
Carfentrazone, flumioxazin, and lactofen did not provide adequate
desiccation.
Bozeman
Paraquat provided faster desiccation by 3 DAT; however, by 14 DAT
glufosinate and glyphosate provided similar or better desiccation (Table 3).
Carfentrazone, flumioxazin, and lactofen provided less desiccation.
|
Table 1. Herbicide Costs
|
|
Treatment*
|
Rate/A
|
Cost/A
|
|
Paraquat
|
0.5
lb ai
|
6.50
|
|
NIS
|
0.25%
v/v
|
0.50
|
|
Carfentrazone
|
0.26
oz ai
|
5.00
|
|
COC
|
1%
v/v
|
0.70
|
|
Glufosinate
|
0.44
lb ai
|
16.20
|
|
AMS
|
3
lb/A
|
2.65
|
|
Lactofen
|
0.195
lb ai
|
13.67
|
|
COC
|
1%
v/v
|
0.70
|
|
Glyphosate
|
0.75
lb ae
|
5.70
|
|
AMS
|
8.5
lb/100 gal
|
0.75
|
|
Flumioxazin
|
0.765
oz ai
|
5.65
|
|
COC
|
1%
v/v
|
0.70
|
|
*NIS - Preference at $19.50/G
|
|
*COC - Prime Oil at $7.00/G
|
|
*AMS - liquid at $3.00/G
|
|
Table 2. Percent desiccation
after application in Minot, ND. 2004
|
|
|
Application
|
Product
|
2
DAT
|
3
DAT
|
7
DAT
|
10
DAT
|
13
DAT
|
17
DAT
|
21
DAT
|
|
Treatment*
|
Date
|
Rate/A
|
% Desiccation
|
|
Paraquat
|
31-Aug
|
0.5
lb ai
|
|
82
|
92
|
|
|
99
|
|
|
Carfentrazone
|
31-Aug
|
0.26
oz ai
|
|
15
|
23
|
|
|
67
|
|
|
Glufosinate
|
31-Aug
|
0.44
lb ai
|
|
50
|
82
|
|
|
99
|
|
|
Lactofen
|
31-Aug
|
0.195
lb ai
|
|
20
|
33
|
|
|
77
|
|
|
Glyphosate
|
31-Aug
|
0.75
lb ae
|
|
22
|
43
|
|
|
94
|
|
|
Flumioxazin
|
31-Aug
|
0.765
oz ai
|
|
20
|
33
|
|
|
77
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Paraquat
|
7-Sep
|
0.5
lb ai
|
|
|
|
88
|
|
|
99
|
|
Carfentrazone
|
7-Sep
|
0.26
oz ai
|
|
|
|
27
|
|
|
76
|
|
Glufosinate
|
7-Sep
|
0.44
lb ai
|
|
|
|
94
|
|
|
99
|
|
Lactofen
|
7-Sep
|
0.195
lb ai
|
|
|
|
53
|
|
|
85
|
|
Glyphosate
|
7-Sep
|
0.75
lb ae
|
|
|
|
58
|
|
|
96
|
|
Flumioxazin
|
7-Sep
|
0.765
oz ai
|
|
|
|
47
|
|
|
82
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Paraquat
|
15-Sep
|
0.5
lb ai
|
85
|
|
|
|
96
|
|
|
|
Carfentrazone
|
15-Sep
|
0.26
oz ai
|
54
|
|
|
|
76
|
|
|
|
Glufosinate
|
15-Sep
|
0.44
lb ai
|
55
|
|
|
|
97
|
|
|
|
Lactofen
|
15-Sep
|
0.195
lb ai
|
42
|
|
|
|
77
|
|
|
|
Glyphosate
|
15-Sep
|
0.75
lb ae
|
37
|
|
|
|
87
|
|
|
|
Flumioxazin
|
15-Sep
|
0.765
oz ai
|
42
|
|
|
|
78
|
|
|
|
LSD (P=.05)
|
|
|
21
|
8
|
8
|
21
|
8
|
21
|
8
|
|
C.V.
|
|
|
19
|
12
|
9
|
19
|
5
|
19
|
5
|
*Paraquat
was applied with nonionic surfactant (NIS) at 0.25% v/v.
Carfentrazone, lactofen, and flumioxazin were applied with crop oil
concentrate (COC) at 1% v/v. Glufosinate
and glyphosate were applied with ammonium sulfate (AMS) at 3 lb/A and 8.5 lb per
100 gallons of water, respectively.
Table 3. Percent desiccation after application in Bozeman,
MT. 2003 Application Product 3 DAT 7 DAT 14 DAT
Treatment*
Date
Rate/A %
Desiccation
Paraquat
12-Aug 0.5 lb ai
69
80
91
Carfentrazone
12-Aug 0.26 oz ai
15
20
67
Glufosinate
12-Aug 0.44 lb ai
39
79
96
Lactofen
12-Aug 0.195 lb ai
23
30
74
Glyphosate
12-Aug 0.75 lb ae
33
70
99
Flumioxazin
12-Aug 0.765 oz ai
43
68
88
Paraquat
18-Aug 0.5 lb ai
65
84
80
Carfentrazone
18-Aug 0.26 oz ai
16
76
79
Glufosinate
18-Aug 0.44 lb ai
39
93
94
Lactofen
18-Aug 0.195 lb ai
26
68
73
Glyphosate
18-Aug 0.75 lb ae
26
88
100
Flumioxazin
18-Aug 0.765 oz ai
48
81
74
Paraquat
25-Aug 0.5 lb ai
79
83
88
Carfentrazone
25-Aug 0.26 oz ai
62
66
68
Glufosinate
25-Aug 0.44 lb ai
63
81
95
Lactofen
25-Aug 0.195 lb ai
61
64
72
Glyphosate
25-Aug 0.75 lb ae
61
83
99
Flumioxazin
25-Aug 0.765 oz ai
73
76
80
LSD
(P=.05)
11
11
10
C.V.
17
11
8
*Paraquat was applied with NIS at 0.25% v/v. Carfentrazone,
lactofen, and flumioxazin were applied with COC at 1% v/v. Glufosinate and
glyphosate were applied with AMS at 8.5 lb and 17 lb per 100 gallons of water,
respectively.
| 