THE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT
OF AGRICULTURE
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH
SERVICE
Washington, D.C.
And
THE NORTH DAKOTA
AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
NORTH DAKOTA STATE
UNIVERSITY
Fargo, North Dakota
NOTICE OF RELEASE OF THREE
MAINTAINER (HA 444 TO HA 446) AND ONE RESTORER (RHA 447) HIGH-OLEIC OILSEED
SUNFLOWER GERMPLASMS
The
United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, and the
North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station, North Dakota State University,
announce the release of three maintainer (HA 444, HA 445, and HA 446) and one
restorer (RHA 447) oilseed sunflower germplasms. These germplasms possess a high-oleic fatty acid composition and
are available for use by industry and public researchers to create hybrids,
parental lines, or improved germplasms with a mid-oleic (NuSun) or a high-oleic
fatty acid composition.
HA
444 is an F6-derived F7 maintainer line selected from the
cross HA 434/HA 406. HA 434 and HA 406
are maintainer lines released by USDA and the North Dakota Agricultural
Experiment Station in 2001 and 1993, respectively. HA 445 is an F5-derived F6 maintainer line
selected from the cross HA 434/87CAEB//HA 335/HA 434. 87CAEB is a short-statured line with excellent lodging resistance
obtained through a germplasm exchange with W. Vermeulen, Oil and Protein Seed
Centre, Potchefstroom, South Africa. HA
335 was released by USDA and the North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station
in 1987 and is resistant to downy mildew [caused by Plasmopara halstedii
(Farl.) Berl. & De Toni in Sacc.] race Pla 730. HA 446 is an F5-derived F6 maintainer line
selected from the cross HA 335/87CAEB//HA 434/HA 412. HA 412 was released by USDA and the North Dakota Agricultural
Experiment Station in 1995. The
pedigree breeding method was used to develop HA 444, HA 445, and HA 446. Analyses for oleic acid concentration were
conducted on seed harvested from F3 to F6 plants by gas
chromotography. The oleic acid
concentration of HA 444, HA 445, and HA 446 was 83.6, 85.9, and 81.7%,
respectively, compared with the oleic acid concentration of 86.1% for HA
434. Height of HA 444, HA 445, and HA
446 was 125, 113, and 108 cm, respectively, compared with 125 cm for HA
434. Days to flower of HA 444, HA 445,
and HA 446 was 63, 65, and 66 d, respectively, compared with 63 d for HA
434. HA 445 and HA 446 are resistant to
the downy mildew race 730, conferred by the Pl6 gene derived
from the line HA 335. These lines also
provide protection against metalaxyl-insensitive strains of downy mildew
collected from sunflower production fields in North Dakota in 1998.
RHA
447 is an F7-derived F8 restorer line selected from the
cross RHA 377/RHA 348. RHA 377 and RHA
348 are restorer lines released by USDA and the North Dakota Agricultural
Experiment Station in 1990 and 1986, respectively. The pedigree breeding method was used to develop RHA 447. Analyses for oleic acid concentration were
conducted on seed harvested from F3 to F7 plants by gas
chromotography. The oleic acid
concentration of RHA 447 was 84.4%, compared with 82.1% for RHA 348. Height of RHA 447 was 115 cm, compared with
155 for RHA 348. Days to flower of RHA
447 was 65 d, compared with 63 d for RHA 348.
Hybrids
with the cytoplasmic male-sterile equivalents of HA 444, HA 445, and HA 446
were produced by crossing with two restorer lines, RHA 373 and RHA 377. Hybrids with the restorer line RHA 447 were
produced by crossing to two cytoplasmic male-sterile lines, CMS HA 412 and CMS
HA 434. These hybrids were compared
with the commercial hybrids Pioneer 63M80, Interstate Hysun 530, and Mycogen
8377 in 2000, 2001, and 2002 trials planted at Casselton, ND, for agronomic
characteristics. In addition, tolerance
to Sclerotinia head rot of RHA 447 testcross hybrids was evaluated by
artificial inoculation under mist irrigation at the Carrington Research and
Extension Center, Carrington, ND. Yield
of hybrids with HA 444, HA 445, HA 446, and RHA 447 was 2212, 2075, 2223, and
2070 kg ha-1, respectively, compared with a 2238 kg ha-1
average of the three check hybrids.
Oleic acid concentration of hybrids with HA 444, HA 445, HA 446, and RHA
447 was 55.8, 56.8, 55.3, and 59.4%, respectively, compared with a 59.0%
average of the three check hybrids. Oil
content of hybrids with HA 444, HA 445, HA 446, and RHA 447 was 43.5, 45.0,
47.2, and 46.1%, respectively, compared with a 46.4% average of the three check
hybrids. Height of hybrids with HA 444,
HA 445, HA 446, and RHA 447 was 153, 165, 163, and 165 cm, respectively, compared
with a 173 cm average of the three check hybrids. Days to flower of hybrids with HA 444, HA 445, HA 446, and RHA
447 was 67, 68, 71, and 67 d, respectively, compared with a 68 d average of the
three check hybrids. Root lodging % of
hybrids with HA 444, HA 445, HA 446, and RHA 447 in year 2002 was 22, 13, 12,
and 27%, respectively, compared with a 34% average of the three check
hybrids. Sclerotinia incidence averaged
over 2000 to 2002 trials for hybrids with RHA 447 was 38%, compared with 88,
44, 71, and 30%, respectively, for the check hybrids Mycogen SF 270, Mycogen
8377, Pioneer 63M80, and Syngenta 278.
Limited
quantities of seed of each germplasm are available from the Seedstocks Project,
Department of Plant Sciences, Loftsgard Hall, North Dakota State University,
Fargo, ND 58105. Seed of this release
will be deposited in the National Plant Germplasm System where it will be
available for research purposes, including development and commercialization of
new cultivars. U.S. Plant Variety
Protection will not be requested for HA 444, HA 445, HA 446, or RHA 447.
The
release date for these germplasms will be on the date of final signature. Appropriate recognition should be made if
this material contributes to the development of a new breeding line or
cultivar.
_____________________________________ ______________________
Director
Date
North
Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station
Fargo, ND
_____________________________________ ______________________
Administrator
Date
Agricultural Research Service
United
States Department of Agriculture