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Oat + Pea for Forage in Central North Dakota
Variety Selection
Oat: Medium to late maturing, medium to tall, strong-strawed and leaf rust
resistant varieties best suited
for forage production include Jud, AC Medallion, AC Assinboia, Morton and HiFi.
Pea: Trapper or other varieties available.
Seeding Rate:
Oat: 32-40 lb/acre
Pea: 60-80 lb/acre (Trapper)
Monitor seed mixture during planting operation and physically mix when needed as seed
segregation may occur in the drill box.
Planting Date:
Forage yield may decrease as planting is delayed. Cooler summer environments in northern North Dakota allow cool season summer forages to yield as well as warm season forages.
Seeding Depth: 1-1/2 to 2 inches
Fertility: Soil nitrogen (N) level as indicated by soil test should be at least medium. Do not apply N with pea seed. Inoculate the field pea with strain "C" bacterium (Rhizobium leguminosarium) at planting time. Although inoculated pea will fix N from the air, most of the N produced will be removed with the forage at harvest (a low amount of fixed-N left in the soil). Phosphorus should be applied based on soil test.
Weed Control: Competitive with weeds; MCPA labeled for both crops.
Harvest: Field pea stand more erect with oats (than peas alone) which makes the crop easier to harvest. Cut when oats are in the heading to milk stage. Forage quality will decrease as the crops mature. Crimper should be used to aid drydown of peas when harvested for hay. If forage curing is difficult due to dense windrows or wet weather, it may be necessary to harvest as haylage or silage.
2000 Annual Forage Trials - Langdon Research Extension Center
| Variety | DM Basis | Yield 15% Moisture | 70% Moisture | Height | Dry Matter |
| tons/a | tons/a | tons/a | inches | % | |
| Warm Season Forage | |||||
| 90 Day Corn | 5.1 | 6.0 | 17.0 | 73 | 25.4 |
| Krugs Op Corn | 3.2 | 3.8 | 10.7 | 88 | 20.8 |
| German Millet | 4.9 | 5.7 | 16.3 | 38 | 28.9 |
| Red Proso Millet | 2.1 | 2.5 | 7.1 | 42 | 15.5 |
| Pearl Millet (MegaMill) | 4.1 | 4.8 | 13.5 | 38 | 20.2 |
| Forage Sorghum | 5.8 | 6.8 | 19.3 | 64 | 21.8 |
| Sorghum/sudangrass | 5.5 | 6.4 | 18.3 | 71 | 25.6 |
| LSD 5% | 0.7 | 0.9 | 2.5 | 4.6 | 1.8 |
| LSD 1% | 1.0 | 1.2 | 3.4 | 6.3 | 2.4 |
| Variety | DM Basis | Yield 15% Moisture | 70% Moisture | Height | Dry Matter |
| tons/a | tons/a | tons/a | inches | % | |
| Cool Season Forage | |||||
| Pea (Trapper) | 2.9 | 3.4 | 9.7 | 72 | 20.0 |
| Triticale (2700) | 535 | 6.4 | 18.2 | 55 | 30.5 |
| Oats (Whitestone) | 5.7 | 6.7 | 19.0 | 47 | 26.5 |
| Spring Rye (Gazelle) | 5.6 | 6.6 | 18.7 | 60 | 37.5 |
| Oat (Paul) | 5.5 | 6.4 | 18.2 | 56 | 26.5 |
| Barley (Robust) | 5.6 | 6.5 | 18.5 | 46 | 34.9 |
| Whitestone/Trapper | 5.3 | 6.2 | 17.6 | 49 | 26.6 |
| Robust/Trapper | 5.0 | 5.8 | 16.5 | 46 | 28.9 |
| LSD 5% | 1.2 | 1.4 | 3.9 | 2.4 | 3.9 |
| LSD 1% | 1.6 | 1.9 | 5.6 | 3.3 | 5.3 |
| Variety | Crude Protein | Total Digestible Nutrients | Acid Detergent Fiber | Neutral Detergent Fiber |
| % | % | % | % | |
| Warm Season Forage | ||||
| 90 Day Corn | 9.4 | 65 | 28 | 50 |
| Krugs Op Corn | 10.3 | 58 | 33 | 57 |
| German Millet | 10.7 | 45 | 42 | 67 |
| Red Proso Millet | 14.4 | 59 | 33 | 55 |
| Pearl Millet (MegaMill) | 15.4 | 55 | 35 | 62 |
| Forage Sorghum | 10.0 | 58 | 33 | 59 |
| Sorghum/sudangrass | 10.5 | 60 | 32 | 56 |
| Variety | Crude Protein | Total Digestible Nutrients | Acid Detergent Fiber | Neutral Detergent Fiber |
| % | % | % | % | |
| Cool Season Forage | ||||
| Pea (Trapper) | 12.2 | 43 | 44 | 53 |
| Triticale (2700) | 10.1 | 40 | 46 | 64 |
| Oats (Whitestone) | 9.0 | 41 | 46 | 65 |
| Spring Rye (Gazelle) | 7.1 | 40 | 42 | 64 |
| Oat (Paul) | 9.9 | 43 | 44 | 62 |
| Barley (Robust) | 9.6 | 50 | 38 | 58 |
| Whitestone/Trapper | 9.9 | 42 | 45 | 61 |
| Robust/Trapper | 10.0 | 67 | 24 | 45 |
Cool Season Forage
Harvest date was according to growth stage of approximately late milk/early dough. Barley was in the soft dough stage. Peas height in the small grain/pea intercrop was approximately the same as peas alone. Heights were recorded on small grains.
Warm Season Forage
Harvest date was according to growth stage of approximately early heading to
headed. Corn was harvested just prior to the first frost - very early dent.
Costs: $7 or greater/acre
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