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Growing Requirements of Dry Beans
Dry edible beans are adapted to a wide variety of soils. They are not sensitive to soil type as long as it is reasonably fertile, well drained and free of conditions that interfere with germination and plant emergence, such as saline (salt affected) soils.
Saline soils affect germination, emergence and later plant growth. Plants that emerge on saline soils may become yellow and have stunted growth. The leaf edges of the affected plant will be brown and dead and often accumulations of salt may be seen on the leaf surface (refer to the section on fertility).
Dry edible beans are a warm season crop and usually are not affected by high temperatures if adequate soil moisture is present. Cool, humid or rainy weather is unfavorable to dry beans, but they are adapted to a fairly wide range of temperature. The optimum average growing temperature for field beans is 65 to 75 F. Dry edible bean production is more successful in areas where rainfall is light during the latter part of the growing season. It is essential that the crop be grown on a well-drained soils since beans are extremely sensitive to standing water or waterlogged conditions.
Dry edible beans are not tolerant to frost or to prolonged exposure to near-freezing temperatures at any stage of plant growth.
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