1996 Dry Bean Grower Survey of Pest Problems and Pesticide Use in Minnesota and North Dakota 

 ER 44
1998

Weed Problems

    Wild mustard was the worst weed problem for 23% of Northarvest respondents, representing 29% of the acres reported (Table 23). This percentage is down slightly from 1995, when wild mustard was the worst weed problem on 33% of respondents' acres.

    Eastern black nightshade was the worst weed for 12% of respondents representing 12% of the acres reported. This is slightly higher than in 1995 and nearly as high as in 1994, when it was the worst weed on 13% of respondents' acres.

    Redroot pigweed was the worst weed for 11% of respondents representing 12% of the acres reported, foxtail was the worst weed for 13% of respondents representing 12% of the acres reported, and Canada thistle was the worst weed for 11% of respondents representing 9% of the acres reported. Other commonly reported weed problems included cocklebur, ragweed, lambsquarters, wild oat, kochia and volunteer grain.

    In Minnesota, redroot pigweed was the worst weed problem for 14% of survey respondents representing 21% of the Minnesota acres reported (Table 23). These are similar percentages to those in 1995. Wild mustard was the worst weed for 12% of respondents representing 18% of the acres reported, eastern black nightshade was the worst weed for 15% of respondents representing 14% of the acres reported, foxtail was the worst weed for 8% of respondents representing 9% of the acres reported, ragweed was the worst weed for 13% of respondents representing 8% of the acres reported and lambsquarters was the worst weed for 12% of respondents representing 8% of the acres reported. Other commonly reported weeds included Canada thistle, cocklebur, volunteer small grain, wild oat and kochia.

    In North Dakota, wild mustard was the worst weed for 31% of respondents representing 33% of the North Dakota acres reported (Table 23). This is a similar percentage to that in 1995. Foxtail was the worst weed for 17% of respondents representing 13% of the acres reported, eastern black nightshade was the worst weed for 12% of respondents representing 12% of the acres reported, Canada thistle was the worst weed for 14% of respondents representing 11% of the acres reported, and redroot pigweed was the worst weed for 10% of respondents representing 10% of the acres reported. Other commonly reported weeds included cocklebur, wild oat, ragweed, lambsquarters and kochia.

    Wild mustard was reported as the worst weed problem, based on percent of respondents' acres affected, in ND1, ND2, ND3 and ND4 with 49%, 44%, 34% and 24% of respondents’ acres affected, respectively (Table 24). Eastern black nightshade was reported as the worst weed in MN5 and ND5, with 28% and 38% of respondents’ acres affected. Lambsquarters was reported as the worst weed in MN3 and MN4, with 28% and 25% of acres affected. Redroot pigweed was reported as the worst weed in MN1, with 34% of acres affected; and ragweed was reported as the worst weed in MN2, with 35% of acres affected. Eastern black nightshade and redroot pigweed also were common problems in districts where they were not the worst weed. Many of these results are similar to those for 1995.

    Redroot pigweed was ranked most frequently as one of the three worst weeds in Minnesota, with 46% of respondents' acres affected, followed by wild mustard on 37%, lambsquarters and ragweed on 26%, foxtail on 25%, eastern black nightshade on 21%, Canada thistle on 15% and cocklebur on 12% (Table 25). Redroot pigweed was more frequently reported as one of the three worst Minnesota weeds in 1996 than in 1995. In North Dakota, wild mustard was reported as one of the three worst weeds on 56% of respondents' acres, followed by foxtail on 38%, Canada thistle on 34%, redroot pigweed on 22%, eastern black nightshade on 21%, cocklebur on 18% and wild oat on 14%. Weeds ranked as one of the three worst weeds by all respondents in both states were wild mustard on 51% of respondents' acres, followed by foxtail on 35%, Canada thistle on 29%, redroot pigweed on 28%, eastern black nightshade on 21%, cocklebur on 17%, wild oat on 13%, ragweed on 12% and lambsquarters on 11%.

    Wild mustard was ranked most frequently as one of the three worst weeds in ND1, ND2, ND3 and ND4. Ragweed was ranked most frequently as one of the three worst weeds in MN2 and MN3; eastern black nightshade was ranked most frequently as one of the three worst weeds in MN5 and ND5; redroot pigweed was ranked most frequently as one of the three worst weeds in MN1, and lambsquarters was ranked most frequently as one of the three worst weeds in MN4 (Table 26).

 

Table 23. Worst weed problema in 1996 for respondents in
Minnesota and North Dakota.

Worst Weed
Problem

 Respondents Acres reportedc
Number %b Number %
Minnesota
Redroot pigweed 31 14.4 11,489 21.1
Wild mustard 26 12.1 9,551 17.6
E. black nightshade 33 15.3 7,422 13.7
Foxtail 17 7.9 4,625 8.5
Ragweed 27 12.6 4,574 8.4
Lambsquarters 26 12.1 4,377 8.1
Canada thistle 12 5.6 1,770 3.3
Cocklebur 12 5.6 1,382 2.5
Volunteer grain 7 3.3 1,277 2.3
Wild oat 3 1.4 700 1.3
Kochia 2 0.9 687 1.3
Other 12 5.6 1,535 2.8
None 6 2.8 2,115 3.9
North Dakota
Wild mustard 136 30.6 55,649 32.6
Foxtail 74 16.7 22,195 13.0
E. black nightshade 51 11.5 20,495 12.0
Canada thistle 62 14.0 17,920 10.5
Redroot pigweed 43 9.7 16,428 9.6
Cocklebur 24 5.4 7,310 4.3
Wild oat 12 2.7 2,305 1.4
Ragweed 8 1.8 2,258 1.3
Lambsquarters 5 1.1 2,070 1.2
Kochia 8 1.8 1,536 0.9
Other 11 2.5 3,390 2.0
None 7 1.6 1,181 0.7
Northarvest Total
Wild mustard 162 23.4 65,200 29.0
E. black nightshade 84 12.1 27,917 12.4
Redroot pigweed 74 10.7 27,917 12.4
Foxtail 91 13.2 26,820 11.9
Canada thistle 74 10.7 19,690 8.7
Cocklebur 36 5.2 8,692 3.9
Ragweed 35 5.1 6,832 3.0
Lambsquarters 31 4.5 6,447 2.9
Wild oat 15 2.2 3,005 1.3
Kochia 10 1.4 2,223 1.0
Volunteer grain 10 1.4 1,673 0.7
Other 23 3.3 4,925 2.2
None 13 1.9 3,296 1.5

aRanked as No. 1 weed problem on more than 0.5% of respondents’ acres.
bBased on 215 responding in Minnesota and 444 responding in North Dakota.
cRespondents’ acres only.

 

Table 24. Worst weed problema in 1996 for respondents in each
Northarvest district of Minnesota and North Dakota.

Northarvest District Worst Weed Problem Respondents Acres reportedb
Number % Number %
Minnesota
MN1 Redroot pigweed 20 31.3 8,553 33.5
Wild mustard 21 29.9 8,001 31.4
Foxtail 8 11.9 3,535 13.9
MN2 Ragweed 6 35.3 2,202 35.4
E. black nightshade 6 35.3 1,580 25.4
MN3 Lambsquarters 5 13.9 1,500 27.8
Ragweed 13 36.1 1,175 21.8
MN4 Lambsquarters 15 30.6 1,512 24.7
Redroot pigweed 5 10.2 940 15.3
Volunteer grain 3 6.1 849 13.9
MN5 E. black nightshade 11 23.9 3,078 27.7
Redroot pigweed 6 13.0 1,996 18.0
Wild mustard 5 10.9 1,550 13.9
Lambsquarters 6 13.0 1,365 12.3
North Dakota
ND1 Wild mustard 51 42.1 18,215 48.5
Canada thistle 23 19.0 5,906 15.7
Redroot pigweed 16 13.2 5,290 14.1
ND2 Wild mustard 31 38.8 16,018 44.1
Redroot pigweed 15 18.8 7,676 21.1
Foxtail 14 17.5 4,197 11.5
ND3 Wild mustard 32 30.8 14,709 33.7
Foxtail 20 19.2 6,293 14.4
Canada thistle 20 19.2 6,063 13.9
E. black nightshade 14 13.5 5,609 12.9
ND4 Wild mustard 16 26.2 5,707 24.0
Foxtail 12 19.7 4,772 20.1
Canada thistle 9 14.8 3,434 14.5
E. black nightshade 7 11.5 2,428 10.2
ND5 E. black nightshade 27 34.6 11,294 38.4
Foxtail 15 19.2 3,758 12.8

aRanked as the No. 1 weed problem on more than 10% of respondents’ acres for that district.
bDistrict respondents’ acres only.

 

Table 25. Weeds ranked as one of the three worsta in 1996 by
respondents in Minnesota and North Dakota

No. 1, 2, or 3
Weed Problem		 Respondents

Acres Reportedb
  Number % Number %
Minnesota
Redroot pigweed 81 35.4 24,823 45.7
Wild mustard 54 23.6 20,336 37.4
Lambsquarters 64 27.9 14,350 26.4
Ragweed 58 25.3 13,930 25.6
Foxtail 59 25.8 13,722 25.2
E. black nightshade 55 24.0 11,360 20.9
Canada thistle 45 19.7 7,964 14.6
Cocklebur 44 19.2 6,672 12.3
North Dakota
Wild mustard 255 55.1 95,081 55.7
Foxtail 178 38.4 65,603 38.4
Canada thistle 170 36.7 57,589 33.7
Redroot pigweed 111 24.0 37,118 21.7
E. black nightshade 96 20.7 36,360 21.3
Cocklebur 79 17.1 30,538 17.9
Wild oat 78 16.8 24,504 14.4
Northarvest Total
Wild mustard 309 45.9 115,417 51.3
Foxtail 237 35.2 79,325 35.2
Canada thistle 237 35.2 65,553 29.1
Redroot pigweed 192 28.5 61,941 27.5
E. black nightshade 151 22.4 47,720 21.2
Cocklebur 123 18.3 37,210 16.5
Wild oat 95 14.1 29,191 13.0
Ragweed 98 14.6 27,627 12.3
Lambsquarters 94 14.0 23,988 10.7

aRanked as No. 1, 2 or 3 weed problem on more than 10% of respondents’ acres.
bRespondents’ acres only.

 

Table 26. Weeds ranked as one of the three worsta in 1996 in each
Northarvest district in Minnesota and North Dakota.

Northarvest
District		 No. 1, 2 or 3 Weed Problem Respondents Acres Reportedb
Number % Number %
Minnesota
MN1 Redroot pigweed 42 60.9 16,980 66.6
  

 

Wild mustard 39 56.5 16,049 62.9
Foxtail 24 34.8 8,962 35.1
MN2 Ragweed 10 58.8 2,915 46.8
  

 

E. black nightshade 8 47.1 2,310 37.1
Lambsquarters 4 23.5 1,667 26.8
MN3 Ragweed 17 41.5 2,615 48.5
 

  

 

 

Lambsquarters 7 17.1 1,695 31.4
Redroot pigweed 10 24.4 1,408 26.1
Foxtail 8 19.5 1,323 24.5
Cocklebur 12 29.3 1,254 23.2
MN4 Lambsquarters 27 51.9 3,542 57.8
 

  

 

 

Cocklebur 21 40.4 3,175 51.8
Foxtail 17 32.7 1,925 31.4
Redroot Pigweed 15 28.8 1,777 29.0
Ragweed 11 21.2 1,520 24.8
MN5 E. black nightshade 14 28.0 4,743 42.7
 

  

 

 

Lambsquarters 16 32.0 4,454 40.1
Redroot pigweed 12 24.0 4,269 38.4
Wild mustard 14 28.0 3,687 33.2
Ragweed 12 24.0 2,452 22.1
North Dakota
ND1 Wild mustard 88 71.5 27,764 73.9
 

  

 

 

Canada thistle 61 49.6 20,224 53.8
Wild oat 42 34.1 11,910 31.7
Redroot pigweed 36 29.3 10,184 27.1
Foxtail 24 19.5 8,279 22.0
ND2 Wild mustard 60 73.2 27,055 74.4
  

 

 

Foxtail 40 48.8 18,712 51.5
Redroot pigweed 27 32.9 12,089 33.2
Canada thistle 26 31.7 11,377 31.3
ND3 Wild mustard 62 56.4 25,543 58.6
  

 

 

 

Canada thistle 50 45.5 16,920 38.8
Foxtail 45 40.9 15,160 34.8
Cocklebur 23 20.9 11,123 25.5
E. black nightshade 26 23.6 9,698 22.2
ND4 Wild mustard 32 48.5 11,671 49.1
  

 

 

 

Foxtail 29 43.9 10,457 44.0
E. black nightshade 19 28.8 8,202 34.5
Redroot pigweed 17 25.8 6,168 26.0
Canada thistle 16 24.2 5,636 23.7
ND5 E. black nightshade 46 56.1 16,586 56.3
  

 

Foxtail 40 48.8 12,995 44.1
Cocklebur 28 34.1 7,960 27.0

aRanked as No. 1, 2 or 3 on more than 20% of respondents’ acres for that district.
bDistrict respondents’ acres only.

This site was last updated on November 14, 2002

 

202 Hultz Hall
Department of Entomology
College of Agriculture
Fargo, North Dakota 58105-5346
Phone: (701) 231-7581
FAX: (701) 231-8557

For more information, please contact:

Extension Entomologist: Phillip Glogoza   pglogoza@ndsuext.nodak.edu